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AUTISM and Vaccins (Italian + English)
Autismo, Mercurio e Business  + 
Contenuto dei Vaccini
Negli USA dal 1988 le vaccinazioni si sono triplicate ed i casi di Autismo sono aumentati del 270 % !!
Falsita' della medicina ufficiale +  1000 studi sui Danni dei Vaccini  +  Malassorbimento
Come distruggere in maniera scientifica il sistema immunitario, con i Vaccini
IMPORTANTE: questo pdf: http://www.dipmat.unipg.it/~mamone/sci-dem/nuocontri_1/debernardi.pdf
Danni Biologici dei Vaccini e Cure (dott. M. Montinari)  +  Danni dei Vaccini  (testimonianze)
Nanoparticelle.it  +  Illusoria la copertura vaccinale  +  Medici pagati dall'industria dei Vaccini
Caso Tremante  + 
Risarcimento Danni da Vaccino
Esami indispensabili, prima di vaccinare
Danni dei Vaccini = Autismo
 

Il Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons nel volume 9 numero 3 del 2004 ha pubblicato uno studio dettagliato e curato contenente considerazioni sul legame tra vaccino per il morbillo - parotite -rosolia ed autismo. 
I due autori, ricercatori e medici, Yazbak e Goldman smontano pezzo per pezzo lo studio danese di Madsen et al. pubblicato nel 2002 che rigettava l'ipotesi di correlazione e pareva voler mettere una pietra sopra alla questione.
Quello studio era diventato la bandiera dietro la quale era stata condotta la feroce battaglia al medico Andrew Wakefield, primo a pubblicare su casi clinici che mostravano il legame tra vaccino e autismo su Lancet.
Lo studio del J. of Ph. and Sur. ora constata e dimostra errori statistici e di metodo, che invaliderebbero l'intero studio di Madsen.  
Testo integrale dello studio
in: www.jpands.org/vol9no3/goldman.pdf


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LEGAME fra VACCINI ed AUTISMO

VERONA, 21 GEN 2006 - E' una correlazione di fattori di ambito genetico, biologico, ambientale (come le infezioni) a provocare l'autismo, malattia segnalata in crescita esponenziale negli ultimi anni (in America ne è colpito un bambino su 250) e caratterizzata dalla disarmonia dello sviluppo delle funzioni cerebrali che, di conseguenza, interagiscono male tra loro.
L'indicazione è emersa al congresso internazionale "La terra di mezzo - Autismo: una sfida alla scienza", organizzato dal Servizio di Neuropsichiatria infantile e Psicologia dell'età evolutiva dell'Ulss 20 di Verona chiuso oggi.
"Ci sono due gruppi di autistici - ha detto Maurizio Brighenti, primario del Dipartimento di neuropsichiatria infantile e psicologia dell'età evolutiva dell'Ulss 20 - che evolvono in maniera differente: il primo manifesta uno sviluppo alterato fin dai primissimi mesi di vita, il secondo invece, che inizialmente ha comportamenti pressoché normali, manifesta la malattia all'improvviso, solitamente intorno ai 16-18 mesi di vita, e si aggrava progressivamente".
Tra le cause che trasformano una predisposizione genetica e immunologica allo sviluppo dell'autismo in conclamazione della malattia, ha detto Federico Balzola, dirigente medico presso l'unità ospedaliera di gastroepatologia dell'Asl San Giovanni Battista di Torino, si ipotizza ci siano i metalli pesanti,
in particolare il mercurio usato nella composizione dei vaccini,  per veicolare i principi attivi.
Balzola ha quindi ricordato come sia un fatto acquisito che gli autistici siano più predisposti di altri bambini ad andare incontro a infiammazione cronica dell'apparato gastroenterico (la percentuale è del 30-40% contro il normale 5-10%): questi soggetti sviluppano l'enterocolite autistica, che altera l'assorbimento delle sostanze introdotte nel corpo - tra cui il mercurio, ma anche i prodotti della digestione di pane e latte - trasformandole in neurotossine che raggiungono il cervello, scatenando i disturbi comportamentali.
Una dieta appropriata e farmaci adeguati, ha detto ancora Balzola, aiutano a tenere sotto controllo l'infiammazione". Diagnosi precoce, multidisciplinarieta nell'affrontare il soggetto, adeguati interventi di riabilitazione e integrazione scolastica, ha detto il dott. Brighenti, sono i principali strumenti in grado di migliorare la vita dell'autistico.
Nel corso del congresso sono state sviluppate le linee guida per l'integrazione scolastica di questi soggetti, che prevedono la valorizzazione del lavoro sul bambino condotta dall'equipe formata da insegnati, famiglia e specialisti, una precisa formazione di insegnanti e specialisti, la presenza di un tutor di area educativa specializzato in autismo che faccia da ponte tra scuola, istituzioni e famiglia.
Sottolineando l'importanza della precocità della diagnosi, perchè così si riducono i disturbi comportamentali del soggetto, Brighenti ha reso noto che il Centro di diagnosi cura e ricerca per l'autismo dell'Ulss 20, da lui diretto, è stato incaricato dalla Comunità Europea di elaborare le linee guida europee per effettuarla.
Nel campo della ricerca per l'autismo resta ancora molto da fare, ha sottolineato Brighenti. Per questo a Verona si è costituito il gruppo multidisciplinare di ricerca Gira (Gruppo Italiano Ricerca Autismo), che coinvolge allergologi, gastroenterologi, pediatri, neuropsichiatri infantili, psicologi, immunologi e tossicologi delle università di Verona, Brescia, Pavia, Torino e Padova; un gruppo che dovrà approfondire la scientificità dell'ipotesi che gli autistici siano più predisposti a patologie come le intolleranze alimentari. Il neuropsichiatra, infine, ha rilevato che la riabilitazione delle facoltà linguistiche, comunicative e psicomotorie dell'autistico possono essere efficaci anche in soggetti che hanno superato i cinque anni di età.
(By ANSA).


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Link from AUTISM and Vaccines
Autism, or Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is considered a neurodevelopmental syndrome, emerging early in life and exhibiting a constellation of seemingly unrelated features and a wide variation in symptom expression and level of severity by individual (Filipek et al, 1999; Bailey et al, 1996).  The diagnostic criteria for autism are qualitative impairments in social relatedness, deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication, and the presence of repetitive and restricted behaviors or interests (APA, 1994).  As will be cited below, other traits associated with autism are movement disorder, sensory dysfunction, and cognitive impairments as well as gastrointestinal difficulties and immune abnormalities (Gillberg & Coleman, 1992; Warren et al, 1990; Horvath et al, 1999).  Onset mustoccur before age 36 months (APA, 1994); although in some instances deficits are apparent at birth, in the great majority of cases there are at least several months of normal development followed by clear regression or failure to progress normally (Gillberg & Coleman, 1992; Filipek et al, 1999; Bailey et al, 1996).  Formerly regarded as a rare disease, autism is now said to affect one in 500 children (Bristol et al, 1996), with some estimates suggesting one in 100 for a broader phenotype often labeled as the “autism-spectrum” of disorders and which includes both higher and lower functioning individuals (Arvidsson et al, 1997; Wing, 1996).
Autism and autistic symptoms can arise from a number of known disorders, most notably tuberous sclerosis, Rhett syndrome, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, Fragile X, Phenylketonuria, purine autism, and other purine metabolic diseases such as PRPP synthetase defects and 5’-nucleotidase superactivity.  The etiology and pathogenesis of the vast majority of autism cases– 70% - 90% (Gillberg and Coleman, 1992; Bailey et al, 1996) – remain unexplained, however, despite ASD being “one of the most extensively studied disorders in child psychiatry today” (Malhotra and Gupta, 1999).  Nevertheless, there is general agreement that most cases of autism arise “from the interaction of an early environmental insult and a genetic predisposition” (Trottier et al, 1999; Bristol et al, 1996).

Mercury
A heavy metal, mercury (Hg) is widely considered one of the most toxic substances on earth (Clarkson, 1997). Instances of Hg poisoning or “mercurialism” have been described since Roman times.  The Mad Hatter in Alice in Wonderland was a victim of occupational exposure to mercury vapor, referred to as “Mad Hatter’s Disease.”  Further human data has been derived from instances of widespread poisonings during the 20th Century.  These misfortunes include an outbreak in Minamata, Japan, caused by consumption of contaminated fish and resulting in “Minamata Disease;” outbreaks in Iraq, Guatemala and Russia due toingestion of contaminated seed grains; and, in the first half of the century, poisoning of infants and toddlers by mercury in teething powders, leading to acrodynia or Pink Disease.  Besides these epidemics, numerous instances of individual or small group cases of Hg intoxication and subsequent phenotype are described in the literature.
The constellation of mercury-induced symptoms varies enormously from individual to individual. The diversity of disease manifestations derives from a number of interacting variables which are summarized in Table I.  The variables which affect phenotype include an individual’s age, the total dosage, dose rate, duration of exposure, type of mercury, routes of exposure such as inhaled, subcutaneous, oral, or intramuscular, and, most importantly, by individual sensitivity arising from immune and genetic factors (Dales, 1972; Koos and Longo, 1976; Matheson et al, 1980; Eto et al, 1999; Feldman, 1982; Warkany and Hubbard, 1953).
 

Table I:  Summary of Mercury Exposure Variables Leading to Diverse & Non-Specific Symptomatology

Variable

Level of Variable

Exposure Amount

Ranges from high doses, leading to death or near death with severe impairments, to low “safe” doses, leading to subtle neurological and other physical impairments

Duration of exposure

One time vs. multiple times over the course of weeks, months, or years

Dose rate

Bolus dose, daily dose

Individual sensitivity

A function of (a) the age at which exposure occurs, that is, prenatal, infant, child, adolescent, or adult, (b) genetically determined reactivity to mercury, and (c) gender

Common types of mercury

The organic alkyl forms – methylmercury and ethylmercury; and inorganic forms - metallic mercury, elemental (liquid) mercury, and ionic mercury/mercuric salt

Primary routes of exposure

Inhalation of mercury vapors, orally through the intestinal tract, subcutaneous and intramuscular injections, topically through ear drops, teething powders, skin creams and ointments, and intravenously during medical treatments


While these variations in exposure, individual status, and genotype give rise to a diverse clinical phenotype, there are nevertheless obvious commonalities across all mercury-caused disorders.  Thus, for example, victims will almost always develop a movement disorder, but in some individuals this may manifest as mere clumsiness, while others will develop severe involuntary jerking movements.  Likewise, psychological disturbances are usually present, but in some individuals these might manifest as anxiety while in others it might present as aggression or irritability.

Diagnosing Mercury Poisoning in Autism
Mercury poisoning can be difficult to diagnose and is often interpreted by clinicians as a psychiatric disorder, especially if exposure is not suspected (Diner and Brenner, 1998; Frackelton and Christensen, 1998).  The difficulty in diagnosis derives primarily from two notable characteristics of this heavy metal.  First, there can be a long latent period between time of exposure and onset of overt symptoms, so that the connection between the two events is often overlooked.  The latency period is discussed in more detail below.  Second, the diverse manifestations of the disease make it difficult for the clinician to find a precise match of his particular patient’s symptoms with those described in other case reports (Adams et al, 1983, Kark et al, 1971; Florentine and Sanfilippo, 1991; Matheson et al, 1980; Frackelton and Christensen, 1998; Warkany & Hubbard, 1953).
Due to the difficulty of diagnosing mercurialism based on presentation of non-specific symptoms alone, clinicians have come to rely on the following criteria (Warkany & Hubbard, 1953; Vroom and Greer, 1972).
1.            Observation of impairments in many but not all of the following domains:  (a) movement/motor disorder, (b) sensory abnormalities, (c) psychological and behavioral disturbances, (d) neurological and cognitive deficits, (e) impairments in language, hearing, and vision, and (f) miscellaneous physical presentations such as rashes or unusual reflexes (Adams et al, 1983; Snyder, 1972; Vroom & Greer, 1972).
2.         Known exposure to Hg (a) at a level that has been documenting as causing impairment in similar individuals under similar circumstances, and (b) at approximately the same time as the symptoms emerge, with allowances given for the latency period (Ross et al, 1977; Amin-Zaki et al, 1978).  It should be noted that the dose which is considered “toxic” vs. “safe” is unresolved among toxicologists; some researchers feel that any amount of exposure is “unsafe” (see EPA, 1997, pp.6-47 to 6-59, for dose discussion).
3.            Detectable levels of mercury in urine, blood, or hair (Florentine and Sanfilippo, 1991; Frackelton and Christensen, 1998; EPA, 1997, p.ES-2).  Importantly, because mercury can clear from biologic samples before the patient feels symptoms or is tested, the lack of detectable mercury is not cause for ruling out mercury poisoning; and conversely, detectable levels have been observed in unaffected individuals (Adams et al, 1983; Warkany & Hubbard, 1953; Cloarec, 1995).
4.            Improvement in symptoms after chelation.  While many patients’ symptoms resolve with chelation, some clearly poisoned individuals do not improve.  Other exposed subjects have also been known to improve without intervention (Vroom & Greer, 1972; Warkany & Hubbard, 1953).
Thus, none of these criteria is sufficient on its own for a certain diagnosis.  Rather, observed effects within two or three domains are generally required.  This paper, which reviews and compares the extensive literature available on both ASD and mercury, provides citations documenting that, based on these four diagnostic criteria, many if not most cases of autism meet the requirements for mercury poisoning.  In fact, this review and its citations (i) delineate a single mechanism for inducing all of the primary domains of impairment and biological abnormalities in autism, including its genetic component, prevalence levels, and sex ratios; and (ii) identify that mechanism as arising from the “environmental insult” of early childhood exposure to mercury.  Furthermore, the route of exposure is thimerosal, which is 50% ethylmercury by weight and which is a preservative used in many childhood vaccines.
We are not suggesting that the previous reports of mercurialismdescribed in the literature are in fact cases of autism; rather, we claim that autism represents its own unique form of Hg poisoning, just like acrodynia, Minamata disease, and Mad Hatter's disease represent distinct yet closely related presentations of mercurialism.  A unique expression would be expected in cases of autism, given that the effects of repeated vaccinal administration of ethylmercury to infants and toddlers have never been described before in mercury-related literature.  We maintain that thediverse phenotype that is autism matches the diverse phenotype that is mercurialism to a far greater degree that could reasonably be expected to occur by chance.  Given the known exposure to mercury via vaccination of autistic children and the presence of mercury found in biologic samples from a number of autistic subjects, also described here, we are confident that our claim is substantiated.  Our paper discusses some important medical and societal ramifications of this conclusion.

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